A cluster is defined as a geographic concentration (a city/town/few adjacent village and their adjoining areas) of units producing near similar products and facing common opportunities and threats. An artisan cluster is defined as geographically concentrated (mostly in villages/townships) household units producing handicraft/handloom products. In a typical cluster, such producers often belong to a traditional community, producing the long-established products for generations. Indeed, many artisan clusters are centuries old Artisan.

About Bareilly Cluster:-

Bareilly Cluster falls under Uttar Pradesh  State in Pilibhit district.

The Bareilly cluster is able to form 206 plus Artisans & 16 SHGs supporting the strong work force. The mobilization gains momentum day by day.

Rugs and Durries:-

The woven carpets of Bengal are mainly made by the women of the bhutia community. The designs of these carpets are usually taken from the neighboring Tibet and the material used is wool. The motifs of these carpets are inspired by the Tibetan iconography and also from their ancient history. Good-looking carpets are made by the loin-looms. The Tibetan refugee self-help centre makes good carpets other than the Tribal Welfare Centre, who makes ordinary carpets on big-looms. These carpets usually have bold designs with strong colors.

Some of the famous carpets bear motifs of dragon, bird, lotus, parrot, flower and bats. In some carpets one can find swastikas and the Wall of China. Sometimes depending on the motifs the carpets have specific names also. The neighbors, viz. Bhutan, Nepal and Lepchas also have craftsmen for Tibetan Carpets.

Carpet weaving calls for a high degree of skill and dexterity and is generally done by the Monpa women in West Kameng and the tribes of North Siang district. Carpets are woven in bright colors with predominantly Tibetan motifs such as the dragon or geometric and floral designs, reflecting the Tibetan-Buddhist influence in the area. Wool colors were originally obtained using vegetable and other natural dye sources, although synthetic dyes and chemicals are now commonly used.

Raw Materials:-

Carpet consists of dyed pile yarns; a primary backing in which the yarns are sewn; a secondary backing that adds strength to the carpet; adhesive that binds the primary and secondary backings; and, in most cases, a cushion laid underneath the carpet to give it a softer, more luxurious feel. Both the primary and secondary backing are largely made of woven or no woven polypropylene, though some secondary backing may still be made of jute, a natural fiber that, when woven, looks like burlap. The adhesive used to bind the backings together is almost universally synthetic rubber latex. The most common padding is rebounds (bonded urethane), though various forms of synthetic latex, polyurethane, or vinyl might be used instead. Rebound is recycled scrap urethane that is chopped into uniformly sized pieces and pressed into layers. Although rare, some carpet cushioning is made up of horse hair or jute. A plastic top sheet is usually added to the top to insure a smooth surface against the carpet.

Process:-

Bunch of loose strands of fibers called staples are used to make carpets initially. The staples are put into a hopper where they're heated, lubricated and formed into slivers, which are wound into a long spool of fiber. From there, the carpet-making process is ready to begin.

A needle pushes the carpet fibers through the underside of a piece of fabric called the carpet backing. A hook called a looper holds the fibers in place as the needle goes back down into the backing, forming the loop. It sounds a bit tedious, and it must have been before the advent of automated tufting machines. If the carpet is supposed to be tufted, then the actual creation process ends here. If cut pile carpet is being manufactured, however, then the tufted carpet goes through an additional step where the loopers holding the individual pile strands are pulled over sharp knives. This cuts the loops into the individual strands that make up a cut pile carpet. The coloring process may take place at different stages in production, depending on the desired visual effect.  Another method, continuous dyeing, rolls and sprays dyes onto finished carpet. Still another, pre-dyeing, takes place before the carpet is processed. Once the carpet is finished, it's washed, dried and vacuumed. Errant piles are trimmed and then it's sent on a conveyor belt past a final employee who uses a pile gun to fill in any overlooked bare areas. The carpet is now finished.

Techniques:-

Vertical plain colored threads, stretched from loom beam to loom beam on which knots are tied. Horizontal plain colored thread, which runs across the width of the rug, over and under the warp strings and between each row of knots. Weft helps hold rows of knots in place and strengthen the structure.

Different colors are used in knotting in accordance with the pattern. Throughout the world there are many different knotting techniques, the double or gordes or symmetrical knotting is used by the Turks and is also known as the Turkish knot. In this technique each knot is looped around two different warps, both ends are pulled down and cut. The other common knotting technique is used in Iran, China and Afghanistan and is called the non-symmetrical or single knot or Persian knot, where one end of the knot is looped around one warp and the other end comes straight, both ends are pulled and cut.

How to Reach:-

By Air:-

The Nearest airport is Amusi Airport which is sitauted in Lucknow.

By Road:-

Pilibhit is also very well connected to Bareilly by BUS at the frequency of ½ hr. Direct buses are also available from Delhi, Lucknow, Haridwar, Rishikesh, Kanpur, Rupaidhiya, Agra and Tanakpur etc.

By Train:-

The district of Pilibhit is well connected by railways. The 3 express trains which reach here from Lucknow at 23:41 hrs. , 02:52 hrs. and 14:05 hrs. Named as Lucknow-Agra express (5313), Nainital Express (5308) and Rohilkhand Express (5310) respectively.

Express trains from Agra reaching here at 00:12 hrs 02:10 hrs. Named as Agra-Gonda express (GOKUL-5316) and Agra-Lucknow(5314) Express.

From Delhi one has to reach first nearby district Bareilly or train then may reach Pilibhit by a bus or meter gauge train.