A cluster is defined as a geographic concentration (a city/town/few adjacent village and their adjoining areas) of units producing near similar products and facing common opportunities and threats. An artisan cluster is defined as geographically concentrated (mostly in villages/townships) household units producing handicraft/handloom products. In a typical cluster, such producers often belong to a traditional community, producing the long-established products for generations. Indeed, many artisan clusters are centuries old Artisan.

About Pora bhalki Cluster:-

Pora bhalki Cluster falls under Jharkhand State in East Singhbhum district.

The Pora bhalki cluster is able to form 200 plus Artisans & 10 SHGs supporting the strong work force. The mobilization gains momentum day by day.

Jewellery:-

Considering the exorbitant cost of gold, silver and allied precious stones, the fancy for jewellery made from bones and horns has gained popularity not just in parts of Uttar Pradesh but abroad too."Earlier, the demand was not this much but now we are having export orders and we are doing our level best to fulfill the demand of order," said Bhuvesh Kumar, an artist of bonejewellery. These indigenous craftsmen have inherited the skills of making varieties of bone items and accessories including jewellery from their ancestors.

"People used to make combs of horns and bones before independence. From that time only, artists used to do the work of carving and legacy of this art have passed to generations," said, Rajeev Gupta, an exporter of bonejewellery, Murdabad. The bone bangles come in a wide rang of designs and a variety of colours to match the varied individual tastes and choices.

Available in different colours, the bone jewellery maintains a demand among the college-goers in abroad.The jewellery is coloured in different hues and combinations which fascinates customers in foreign lands. "We have got handful benefits due to the wide range of our colourful jewellery made out of bones and horns of animals. Whatever kind of jewellery we make, we easily colour it in different shades. Different colour combinations attract international clients. They buy these jewelleries to match their dress," said Manoj, a bonejewellery maker. (ANI)

Raw Materials:-

The basic raw materials use in making jewellery articles are-

Basic Materials:- Items from shell, lac, conch shell, iron or copper bangles, silver brass, base metal, floral jewellery, silver, brass, gold, khar or navsagar, coal, wax, kerosene lamp, aluminum metals, wooden moulds, hammer, mallets, chisel, scrapper, scriber, wire scissors, iron & bronze dye colonial beads, coral pearls silk thread, beads, polish.

Decorative Materials: - Glass beads, metal beads and black beads

Colouring Materials: - Sodium sulphate, alum salt, sulphuric acid, colors, glue, varnish, enamel colors.

Process:-

The instant invention contemplates a process for manufacturing jewelry including the steps of:

(a) Creating a photographic negative from a computer-generated image;

(b) Masking the negative over a photopolymerizable resin backed by a rigid substrate;

(c) Irradiating the unmasked resin with ultraviolet radiation;

(d) Removing the unpolymerized resin from the photopolymer, using a washing agent such as water, resulting in a positive three-dimensional likeness ofthe object to be cast;

(e) placing the resulting etched resin plate into a container and pouring tooling resin into the container thereby creating a plug bearing the negative impression of the jewelry item to be created;

(f) inserting the tooling resin plug into a jewelry item mold having an empty sleeve which receives the plug resulting in a completed jewelry mold;

(g) Filling the completed mold with plastic resulting in a plastic model of the jewelry item to be created;

(h) Using the plastic model in a "lost wax" casting process to create an individual jewelry item.

Techniques:-

Reticulation is a process by which metal is made to draw itself into ridges and valleys, creating a unique texture. Sterling silver or reticulation silver is heated many times to just below its melting point, then finally more heat is applied which causes the fine silver on the surface to move and twist. Fusingin this process silver or gold are joined together with heat by allowing touching surfaces to melt and therefore fuse. No solder is used. Mokume-gane In Japanese, mokume-gane means wood grain metal. Alternating layers of sterling silver and copper or sterling silver and 22ct gold are bonded together. Patterns are produced by bumping up or gouging the surface and then filed to reveal the pattern. The random pattern layers have a solid stg silver backing. No two pieces are ever exactly alike Titanium Colour on titanium can be produced by an oxide layer that forms when the metal is anodised at a specific voltage level. These layers refract light differently - an effect that reaches the eyes in a rainbow of colours. It is a richly colourful form of patination. Shibuichi this is an alloy consisting of fine silver and copper. The first known use of this alloy was during the Han Dynasty in China. Koru this designs is inspired by the traditional Maori symbol of growth and life. It depicts a young fern. It represents peace, harmony and new beginnings.

How to Reach:-

By Air:-

The Sonari airport of Jamshedpur does not offer regular commercial flights as of now. Some years back there were regular flights between Jamshedpur and Calcutta and Ranchi. The nearest airports are there at Ranchi and Calcutta.

By Road:-

The city is on the National Highway No.33 and connected to main cities of Bihar, Bengal and Orissa. All this makes accessibility to Jamshedpur very easy.

By Train:-

Jamshedpur is close to Calcutta and Ranchi. The railway station is called Tatanagar and is on the main Calcutta-Mumbai rail route. Tatanagar also comes in between the train links of Delhi and Puri. It is also on the rail line connecting Ranchi to Calcutta.