A cluster is defined as a geographic concentration(a city/town/few adjacent villages and their adjoining areas)of units producing near similar products and facing common opportunities and threats.An artisan cluster is defined as geographically concentrated(mostly in villages/townships)household units producing handicraft/handloom products.In a typical cluster, such producers often belong to a traditional community, producing the long-established products for generations.Indeed, many artisan clusters are centuries old Artisan.
About Wanki Cluster:-
Wanki Cluster falls under Gujarat State in Kutch district.
Cane and Bamboo:-From time immemorial Tripura has carved out a name for itself in the field of Handicrafts.The Gifted artisans produce wonderful objects of crafts from simple material like cane, bamboo & wood. There rare artistic skill has not been streamlined in the manufacture of exquisite household pieces. Tripura's unique topography and the gracious nature bestowed their choicest blessings on the hereditary artisans of Tripura.With the passage of time, there have been changes in the demographic character of the state.But in each phase of her history, Tripura has shown remarkable inner strength of assimilation of synthesis, while retaining her own traditional heritage.With the original distinct tribal motifs were added the skills of Manipuri and Bengali artisans who came subsequently to settle in this land. Cane & Bamboo occupy a distinctive place in the life of Tripura. From cradle to grave, there is hardly any occasion, complete without the use of cane & bamboo. Today the magnificent skill of artisans has been directed to produce of a wide range of more than 200 exquisite products. Presently, about 10,000 skilled artisans are engaged in production of various handicrafts in the state.The state government has already initiated steps in this direction, in view of the vast potential of the industry to grow, both in domestic as well as international markets.The state also welcomes private enterprise in this field.Cane/ Bamboo handicrafts of Tripura are acknowledged to be among the best inthe country, due to their beauty, elegance and exquisite designs.A vast range of items are produced, including Furniture, Panels and Partitions, Table & other Mat products, Lamp Shades etc.Bamboo and cane Ornaments are also very intricate and exquisite in nature.Bamboo and cane ornaments are not available in any other part of the country as well as abroad.Tripura handicrafts are also being exported to various countries.The natural, durable and attractive bamboo not only makes mats, baskets and other handicraft but is also used for high-grade packaging, decorative panels, curtains and window blinds.The bamboo window blinds, in fact, not only give a classic touch to the interior decor of a room but keep it cool as well.Bamboo craft is based on its specific weaving techniques.
Raw Materials used :-
Cane and Bamboo are very important things for any products.Cane and Bamboo are basic materials.Cane and Bamboo are neccessity things.We can create any products from Cane and Bamboo.
Techniques and Tools:-
The hollow stems, or culms, of the bamboo plant divide at the internode to form cylindrical, boxlike structures.The canes can be split longitudinally into pliable, even lengths, seasoned bamboo being used except in basketwork.Unseasoned bamboo is easier to work than dried or soaked material, and it has the added advantage for basketwork of shrinking slightly as it dries.The tools required for basketwork include a sharp knife or shears for trimming, a bodkin for opening holes in tight weaves to insert new canes, and a beater or commander to settle horizontal lines.For most other uses, bamboo must be seasoned, and woodworking tools—saws, drills, rasps and hammers—are required to work with the dried and hardened material.Conventional woodworking joints are used, e.g. butt, tenon, mortice and mitre joints; these must be modified to compensate for the hollowness of bamboo.For joining sections of bamboo lengthwise, wooden dowels are glued inside joints and are then drilled and pinned with pegs.When a butt joint is employed, the end of the stud is filed to match the profile of the cross-piece.Joints are often reinforced by binding with split bamboo.Bamboo may be shaped by heating and bending over a form.
Processing of Bamboo for Weaving:-
Green skin of the bamboo Culm is removed by scraping off its green surface with the help of a blade. Force is applied evenly along the culms surface to ensure uniformly colored bamboo.The upper edge of the culm section is flattened to facilitate stripping.A sharp knife is used to cut evenly around the edge.The culm section is divided into slivers of an equal width.The number of slivers depends upon the diameter of the culm. Cutting is done carefully from the edge downwards along the length of the culm.The slivers are then completely separated to form individual pieces.Slivers are striped into fine layers.The knife is held with the blade horizontally against the upper 1/3 of the cross section sliver.First cut is made by nipping the blade into the sliver.Then the blade is placed 0.5 to 1 mm away from the first layer.After repeating the process for a required number of times, the layers are peeled off.The thickness of the layers depends upon the need of the intended woven product.Layers are separated into fine strips by using both the hands.The strips may be lighter or darker in color from one another.They are arranged accordingly.The bamboo strips are then dyed and bleached with the help of various materials such as dyes, sulfur, hydrogen peroxide or other chemicals.Soaking, boiling, washing, air drying etc. methods are used for the purpose.
Textile ( Hand Embroidery):-
The term embroidery is basically defined as the method of ornamenting a piece of clothing with needlework;or embellishment with fanciful details.Thus embroidery is regarded as the art of decorating textiles using a needle and thread.Embroidery of Gujarat has earned its fame because of the versatility of creations by the artisans.The artisans of Gujarat use an array of stitches that are used to decorate the items.The most important centres of embroidery work of Gujarat are located in the Sarasota and Kutch regions and are admired for the creative excellence.The embroidery of Gujarat is one of the main sources of income for different other communities.Today, even though embroidery is amongst the most traditional methods of decorating clothes, it is still as popular.Designs may date back to ancient times, or the modern geometric modern day designs, but all the same embroidery continues to be one of the common ways of decorating clothes.In fact, specialists feel that today,there is much more scope for creativity and innovation, because of the acceptance level.Ari embroidery of Gujarat has its international market in Nigeria where women drape themselves(during ceremonial occasions)in the embroidered cloth from this region. This has ornamentation of tikris and beads, which make them, look attractive.This type of embroidery is done on a frame of wooden beams.The fabric is
worked upon with a long needle, threads, tikris and beads.Multi sized frames are used,usually about 1.5 feet high, to secure the cloth on which the design is sketched with a stencil.One hand secures the thread under the cloth to the needle while the other hand moves the needle on top of the cloth with ease.Decorative tikris and beads are attached to the cloth with the needle.
This has ornamentation of tikris and beads, which make them, look attractive.This type of embroidery is done on a frame of wooden beams.The fabric is worked upon with a long needle, threads, tikris and beads.Multi sized frames are used,usually about 1.5 feet high, to secure the cloth on which the design is sketched with a stencil.One hand secures the thread under the cloth to the needle while the other hand moves the needle on top of the cloth with ease.Decorative tikris and beads are attached to the cloth with the needle.
Another embroidery pattern is the jaali or net embroidery in geometric or floral shapes and is done by pulling the warp and weft threads and fixing them with minute buttonhole stitches.The finished products dominantly comprise items for household use like curtains, bedspreads, furniture covers and dress material.
Raw Materials used:-
The fabric is worked upon with a long needle,threads, tikris and beads.Multi sized frames are used, usually about 1.5 feet high, to secure the cloth on which the design is sketched with a stencil.One hand secures the thread under the cloth to the needle while the other hand moves the needle on top of the cloth with ease.
Process:-
As embroidery is not so technical craft to follow procedure but then also small process like:
Set the fabric(Saree, Dress, material,etc.)on Wooden frame(it can be done without frame also)according to the design with desired allowance for the product.The motif is made the tracing screen for symmetrical making and uniformity, like the Khaka.The motif is marked with a marking mixer in a liquid form(Kerosene and gali powder) whether for embroidery the desired motif is neatly embroidery with different stitches to achieve desired motif.
Embroidery designs are prepared by fixing small round shaped mirrors to the material with the help of the buttonhole stitch, the outline being sketched by hand.Silken thread is used for the stitching done in stem or herringbone, closely worked.Flowers and creepers are patterned against a dark background.
Techniques:-
Techniques vary with the community and region.The term embroidery is basically defined as the method of ornamenting a piece of clothing with needlework; or embellishment with fanciful details.Thus embroidery is regarded as the art of decorating textiles using a needle and thread.This includes the hand and machine embroidery methods.And till date,hand embroidery continues to be an expensive and time-consuming method.However, in spite of this it is preferred because of the intricacy of the handiwork involved.
The basic techniques an embroiderer uses includes:-
Leather Craft:- The state of Uttar Pradesh is an important supply source for finished leather and leather products.The Tanneries in Kanpur are known all over the world for the finest quality leather tanned by them. Kanpur and Agra in U.P are the two renowned production/export centre for leather and leather products.While Kanpur is known for leather horse riding equipment, footwear (chappals and shoes), bags and purses, Agra is famous for shoes and shoe, garments etc. Agra is considered to be the biggest footwear-manufacturing centre in India.During Mughal reign, shoe and chappals were manufactured for the royal families.Western shoes were introduced in Agra after the East India Company took over Agra fort. To meet the demand of British soldiers, shoemakers from England were brought to train the local skilled artisans. By the end of World War II, market for Agra shoes expanded within the country and to outside countries like Iran, Iraq and East European countries. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B. C. which use of this wonderful material. The manufacture of leather articles is carried out all over Rajasthan. Shoes made for rural use have a robust strength with bold patterns executed in very bright colours and heavy coarse stitches.Jodhpur and Jaipur is famous for making light, boat-shaped slip-on shoes called mojris. Bikaner is famous for making water bottles with camel hide. Leather tanning have reached a high stage by 3000 BC. The skins used earlier were of tiger and deer particularly of the dark variety. Even Lord Shiva is clothed in a tiger skin and deer skin was used as a seat by the Brahmans of ancient India. Santiniketan under poet Tagore guidance blazed the trail for the modern decorative leather items, which include current utility articles. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B.C. which paved the way for a wider use of this wonderful material man sought.Because of its wide prevalence in the rural areas, much of the tanning is locally done by indigenous methods which are quite laborious. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B.C. which paved the way for a wider use of this wonderful material man sought.Delhi leather workers make traditional decorative joottis (shoes) and are engaged in general leatherwork. Raw Materials:- Basic Material :Antelope (sambhar) leather Decorative Material : Brass, copper metal, beads, thread for embroidery Colouring Material : Potassium dichromate, aniline, vegetable dyes Basic Material : Camel leather, shell powder, glue, wood apple. Decorative Material : Silk or metal embroidery beads. Colouring Material : Colours. Basic Material : Sheep skin, goat skin. Decorative Material : Beads, copper metal, thread for embroidery. Basic Material : Raw leather, clay, shell powder, glue, colours Basic Material : Sheep skin, goatskin, antelope (sambhar) leather Decorative Material : Brass, copper metal, beads, thread for embroidery Tools:- Knife, blade and chisel, measuring tape, revolving punch, stitch maker, pricking awl, a pair of scissor, wooden mallet, shoe hammer. Process:- Sheepskin or goat skin is first tanned either with tannic acid derived from bark of tree or from potassium dichromate to avoid the decay.It is finished with aniline.Pattern of the shoe or chappal is drawn on a thick paper.This tracing is kept on the leather, which is cut accordingly.To prepare the edges of the leather for sawing, weight and thickness of the hide is considered.If a heavier weight skin is sewn, inner edges to be joined are carefully thinned. Once skived and creased, heavy leathers are handled like light and medium weights. Stitch gauge is used to mark the seams for stitch holes. Lighter the leather, smaller the spaces between the stitches. To give a firm support glue is applied to the flesh or inner side of seam. The camel leather is firstly softened and stretched over a clay mould made in the required shape.When the leather hardens, the clay is washed away.A kind of gasso work is used for decoration purpose.At first the pattern is drawn on the leather.After this the portion to be ornamented is raised by applying repeatedly a special preparation of shell powder mixed with glue and a kind of wood apple.The risen surface is painted in gold and other colours while the base is coloured black or red to make the shades at the top stand out. Leather is first softened and then stretched over a clay mould made in the desired shape.When the leather hardens,the clay is washed away. The pattern is first drawn on the leather, then the portion to be ornamented is raised by applying repeatedly a special preparation of shell powder mixed with glue.When surface rises it is painted in gold and other colours while the base is coloured black or red to make the shades at the top stand out. Techniques:- Softened Stretched Hardens Cane and Bamboo:-From time immemorial Tripura has carved out a name for itself in the field of Handicrafts.The Gifted artisans produce wonderful objects of crafts from simple material like cane, bamboo & wood. There rare artistic skill has not been streamlined in the manufacture of exquisite household pieces. Tripura's unique topography and the gracious nature bestowed their choicest blessings on the hereditary artisans of Tripura.With the passage of time, there have been changes in the demographic character of the state.But in each phase of her history, Tripura has shown remarkable inner strength of assimilation of synthesis, while retaining her own traditional heritage.With the original distinct tribal motifs were added the skills of Manipuri and Bengali artisans who came subsequently to settle in this land. Cane & Bamboo occupy a distinctive place in the life of Tripura. From cradle to grave, there is hardly any occasion, complete without the use of cane & bamboo. Today the magnificent skill of artisans has been directed to produce of a wide range of more than 200 exquisite products. Presently, about 10,000 skilled artisans are engaged in production of various handicrafts in the state.The state government has already initiated steps in this direction, in view of the vast potential of the industry to grow, both in domestic as well as international markets.The state also welcomes private enterprise in this field.Cane/ Bamboo handicrafts of Tripura are acknowledged to be among the best inthe country, due to their beauty, elegance and exquisite designs.A vast range of items are produced, including Furniture, Panels and Partitions, Table & other Mat products, Lamp Shades etc.Bamboo and cane Ornaments are also very intricate and exquisite in nature.Bamboo and cane ornaments are not available in any other part of the country as well as abroad.Tripura handicrafts are also being exported to various countries.The natural, durable and attractive bamboo not only makes mats, baskets and other handicraft but is also used for high-grade packaging, decorative panels, curtains and window blinds.The bamboo window blinds, in fact, not only give a classic touch to the interior decor of a room but keep it cool as well.Bamboo craft is based on its specific weaving techniques. Raw Materials used :- Cane and Bamboo are very important things for any products.Cane and Bamboo are basic materials.Cane and Bamboo are neccessity things.We can create any products from Cane and Bamboo. Techniques and Tools:- The hollow stems, or culms, of the bamboo plant divide at the internode to form cylindrical, boxlike structures.The canes can be split longitudinally into pliable, even lengths, seasoned bamboo being used except in basketwork.Unseasoned bamboo is easier to work than dried or soaked material, and it has the added advantage for basketwork of shrinking slightly as it dries.The tools required for basketwork include a sharp knife or shears for trimming, a bodkin for opening holes in tight weaves to insert new canes, and a beater or commander to settle horizontal lines.For most other uses, bamboo must be seasoned, and woodworking tools—saws, drills, rasps and hammers—are required to work with the dried and hardened material.Conventional woodworking joints are used, e.g. butt, tenon, mortice and mitre joints; these must be modified to compensate for the hollowness of bamboo.For joining sections of bamboo lengthwise, wooden dowels are glued inside joints and are then drilled and pinned with pegs.When a butt joint is employed, the end of the stud is filed to match the profile of the cross-piece.Joints are often reinforced by binding with split bamboo.Bamboo may be shaped by heating and bending over a form. Processing of Bamboo for Weaving:- Green skin of the bamboo Culm is removed by scraping off its green surface with the help of a blade. Force is applied evenly along the culms surface to ensure uniformly colored bamboo.The upper edge of the culm section is flattened to facilitate stripping.A sharp knife is used to cut evenly around the edge.The culm section is divided into slivers of an equal width.The number of slivers depends upon the diameter of the culm. Cutting is done carefully from the edge downwards along the length of the culm.The slivers are then completely separated to form individual pieces.Slivers are striped into fine layers.The knife is held with the blade horizontally against the upper 1/3 of the cross section sliver.First cut is made by nipping the blade into the sliver.Then the blade is placed 0.5 to 1 mm away from the first layer.After repeating the process for a required number of times, the layers are peeled off.The thickness of the layers depends upon the need of the intended woven product.Layers are separated into fine strips by using both the hands.The strips may be lighter or darker in color from one another.They are arranged accordingly.The bamboo strips are then dyed and bleached with the help of various materials such as dyes, sulfur, hydrogen peroxide or other chemicals.Soaking, boiling, washing, air drying etc. methods are used for the purpose.
Leather Craft:-
The state of Uttar Pradesh is an important supply source for finished leather and leather products.The Tanneries in Kanpur are known all over the world for the finest quality leather tanned by them. Kanpur and Agra in U.P are the two renowned production/export centre for leather and leather products.While Kanpur is known for leather horse riding equipment, footwear (chappals and shoes), bags and purses, Agra is famous for shoes and shoe, garments etc. Agra is considered to be the biggest footwear-manufacturing centre in India.During Mughal reign, shoe and chappals were manufactured for the royal families.Western shoes were introduced in Agra after the East India Company took over Agra fort. To meet the demand of British soldiers, shoemakers from England were brought to train the local skilled artisans. By the end of World War II, market for Agra shoes expanded within the country and to outside countries like Iran, Iraq and East European countries. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B. C. which use of this wonderful material. The manufacture of leather articles is carried out all over Rajasthan. Shoes made for rural use have a robust strength with bold patterns executed in very bright colours and heavy coarse stitches.Jodhpur and Jaipur is famous for making light, boat-shaped slip-on shoes called mojris. Bikaner is famous for making water bottles with camel hide. Leather tanning have reached a high stage by 3000 BC. The skins used earlier were of tiger and deer particularly of the dark variety. Even Lord Shiva is clothed in a tiger skin and deer skin was used as a seat by the Brahmans of ancient India. Santiniketan under poet Tagore guidance blazed the trail for the modern decorative leather items, which include current utility articles. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B.C. which paved the way for a wider use of this wonderful material man sought.Because of its wide prevalence in the rural areas, much of the tanning is locally done by indigenous methods which are quite laborious. Leather tanning seems to have reached a high stage by 3000 B.C. which paved the way for a wider use of this wonderful material man sought.Delhi leather workers make traditional decorative joottis (shoes) and are engaged in general leatherwork.
Raw Materials:-
Basic Material :Antelope (sambhar) leather Decorative Material : Brass, copper metal, beads, thread for embroidery Colouring Material : Potassium dichromate, aniline, vegetable dyes Basic Material : Camel leather, shell powder, glue, wood apple. Decorative Material : Silk or metal embroidery beads. Colouring Material : Colours. Basic Material : Sheep skin, goat skin. Decorative Material : Beads, copper metal, thread for embroidery. Basic Material : Raw leather, clay, shell powder, glue, colours Basic Material : Sheep skin, goatskin, antelope (sambhar) leather Decorative Material : Brass, copper metal, beads, thread for embroidery
Tools:-
Knife, blade and chisel, measuring tape, revolving punch, stitch maker, pricking awl, a pair of scissor, wooden mallet, shoe hammer.
Sheepskin or goat skin is first tanned either with tannic acid derived from bark of tree or from potassium dichromate to avoid the decay.It is finished with aniline.Pattern of the shoe or chappal is drawn on a thick paper.This tracing is kept on the leather, which is cut accordingly.To prepare the edges of the leather for sawing, weight and thickness of the hide is considered.If a heavier weight skin is sewn, inner edges to be joined are carefully thinned. Once skived and creased, heavy leathers are handled like light and medium weights. Stitch gauge is used to mark the seams for stitch holes. Lighter the leather, smaller the spaces between the stitches. To give a firm support glue is applied to the flesh or inner side of seam.
The camel leather is firstly softened and stretched over a clay mould made in the required shape.When the leather hardens, the clay is washed away.A kind of gasso work is used for decoration purpose.At first the pattern is drawn on the leather.After this the portion to be ornamented is raised by applying repeatedly a special preparation of shell powder mixed with glue and a kind of wood apple.The risen surface is painted in gold and other colours while the base is coloured black or red to make the shades at the top stand out.
Leather is first softened and then stretched over a clay mould made in the desired shape.When the leather hardens,the clay is washed away. The pattern is first drawn on the leather, then the portion to be ornamented is raised by applying repeatedly a special preparation of shell powder mixed with glue.When surface rises it is painted in gold and other colours while the base is coloured black or red to make the shades at the top stand out.
Cane and Bamboo:-From time immemorial Tripura has carved out a name for itself in the field of Handicrafts.The Gifted artisans produce wonderful objects of crafts from simple material like cane, bamboo & wood. There rare artistic skill has not been streamlined in the manufacture of exquisite household pieces. Tripura's unique topography and the gracious nature bestowed their choicest blessings on the hereditary artisans of Tripura.With the passage of time, there have been changes in the demographic character of the state.But in each phase of her history, Tripura has shown remarkable inner strength of assimilation of synthesis, while retaining her own traditional heritage.With the original distinct tribal motifs were added the skills of Manipuri and Bengali artisans who came subsequently to settle in this land. Cane & Bamboo occupy a distinctive place in the life of Tripura. From cradle to grave, there is hardly any occasion, complete without the use of cane & bamboo. Today the magnificent skill of artisans has been directed to produce of a wide range of more than 200 exquisite products. Presently, about 10,000 skilled artisans are engaged in production of various handicrafts in the state.The state government has already initiated steps in this direction, in view of the vast potential of the industry to grow, both in domestic as well as international markets.The state also welcomes private enterprise in this field.Cane/ Bamboo handicrafts of Tripura are acknowledged to be among the best inthe country, due to their beauty, elegance and exquisite designs.A vast range of items are produced, including Furniture, Panels and Partitions, Table & other Mat products, Lamp Shades etc.Bamboo and cane Ornaments are also very intricate and exquisite in nature.Bamboo and cane ornaments are not available in any other part of the country as well as abroad.Tripura handicrafts are also being exported to various countries.The natural, durable and attractive bamboo not only makes mats, baskets and other handicraft but is also used for high-grade packaging, decorative panels, curtains and window blinds.The bamboo window blinds, in fact, not only give a classic touch to the interior decor of a room but keep it cool as well.Bamboo craft is based on its specific weaving techniques. Raw Materials used :- Cane and Bamboo are very important things for any products.Cane and Bamboo are basic materials.Cane and Bamboo are neccessity things.We can create any products from Cane and Bamboo. Techniques and Tools:- The hollow stems, or culms, of the bamboo plant divide at the internode to form cylindrical, boxlike structures.The canes can be split longitudinally into pliable, even lengths, seasoned bamboo being used except in basketwork.Unseasoned bamboo is easier to work than dried or soaked material, and it has the added advantage for basketwork of shrinking slightly as it dries.The tools required for basketwork include a sharp knife or shears for trimming, a bodkin for opening holes in tight weaves to insert new canes, and a beater or commander to settle horizontal lines.For most other uses, bamboo must be seasoned, and woodworking tools—saws, drills, rasps and hammers—are required to work with the dried and hardened material.Conventional woodworking joints are used, e.g. butt, tenon, mortice and mitre joints; these must be modified to compensate for the hollowness of bamboo.For joining sections of bamboo lengthwise, wooden dowels are glued inside joints and are then drilled and pinned with pegs.When a butt joint is employed, the end of the stud is filed to match the profile of the cross-piece.Joints are often reinforced by binding with split bamboo.Bamboo may be shaped by heating and bending over a form. Processing of Bamboo for Weaving:- Green skin of the bamboo Culm is removed by scraping off its green surface with the help of a blade. Force is applied evenly along the culms surface to ensure uniformly colored bamboo.The upper edge of the culm section is flattened to facilitate stripping.A sharp knife is used to cut evenly around the edge.The culm section is divided into slivers of an equal width.The number of slivers depends upon the diameter of the culm. Cutting is done carefully from the edge downwards along the length of the culm.The slivers are then completely separated to form individual pieces.Slivers are striped into fine layers.The knife is held with the blade horizontally against the upper 1/3 of the cross section sliver.First cut is made by nipping the blade into the sliver.Then the blade is placed 0.5 to 1 mm away from the first layer.After repeating the process for a required number of times, the layers are peeled off.The thickness of the layers depends upon the need of the intended woven product.Layers are separated into fine strips by using both the hands.The strips may be lighter or darker in color from one another.They are arranged accordingly.The bamboo strips are then dyed and bleached with the help of various materials such as dyes, sulfur, hydrogen peroxide or other chemicals.Soaking, boiling, washing, air drying etc. methods are used for the purpose.